"Victorian" refers to the reign of England's Queen Victoria, 1837-1901. More generally, it refers to the the second half of the nineteenth century. In the U.S., some historians use the term to describe the period after the Civil war until World war I in 1914.
During the second half of the 19th century, architects in the United States began to lose interest in Greco-Roman Classicism, and to adopt new domestic styles based loosely on medieval and other non-classical forms of building.
One of the most important technological developments was the advent of balloon framing, whereby the framework of a house could be made out of uniform lumber; this was becoming increasingly available from commercial mills.
Advanced manufacturing techniques were also employed to mass produce finished windows, doors,brackets and decorative turnings, often more elaborate and sometimes less expensive than their handmade counterparts.
Along with plentiful building materials, there was also access to an increasing variety of publications on house building: trade catalogues, pattern books and architectural periodicals.
Industrialization meant that for the first time in the United States, very large houses could be built on a wide scale. Tenements and, later, apartment houses went up in increasing numbers, as the population shifted from country to town and newly arrived foreign immigrants sought accommodation.
For many, "bric-a-brac" or "gingerbread" summarize the the style.At least eight distinct architectural styles developed, along with numerous secondary styles and movements, all of which are now incorporated under the broad heading of 'Victorian." These styles overlapped in date and none had a specific beginning or end.The first post-classical styles, beginning in the 1830s, were the Gothic Revival and the Italianate.
Етикети:
Other styles
During the second half of the 19th century, architects in the United States began to lose interest in Greco-Roman Classicism, and to adopt new domestic styles based loosely on medieval and other non-classical forms of building.
One of the most important technological developments was the advent of balloon framing, whereby the framework of a house could be made out of uniform lumber; this was becoming increasingly available from commercial mills.
Advanced manufacturing techniques were also employed to mass produce finished windows, doors,brackets and decorative turnings, often more elaborate and sometimes less expensive than their handmade counterparts.
Along with plentiful building materials, there was also access to an increasing variety of publications on house building: trade catalogues, pattern books and architectural periodicals.
Industrialization meant that for the first time in the United States, very large houses could be built on a wide scale. Tenements and, later, apartment houses went up in increasing numbers, as the population shifted from country to town and newly arrived foreign immigrants sought accommodation.
For many, "bric-a-brac" or "gingerbread" summarize the the style.At least eight distinct architectural styles developed, along with numerous secondary styles and movements, all of which are now incorporated under the broad heading of 'Victorian." These styles overlapped in date and none had a specific beginning or end.The first post-classical styles, beginning in the 1830s, were the Gothic Revival and the Italianate.
0 коментара:
Post a Comment